What is the principle of CNC machining

What is the principle of CNC machining? The principle of CNC machining is based on computer numerical control technology, which precisely controls the movement of machine tools and tools through a computer control system to achieve precise machining of parts. CNC machining refers to the method of machining workpieces using computer numerical control technology. Its principle mainly includes the following steps:

1. Design the workpiece: Use CAD(computer aided design) software to design and model the workpiece.

2. Write machining program: according to the workpiece design, write machining program, including tool path, cutting parameters, etc.

3. Convert to machine instructions: Convert the processing program into an instruction code that can be recognized by the machine tool, such as the G code.

4. Set machine parameters: according to the workpiece and processing requirements, set the relevant parameters of the machine tool, such as tool change, feed speed, etc.

5. Machining workpiece: Load the converted machine tool instructions into the CNC system, and control the machine tool to perform the corresponding cutting operations through the CNC system, including cutting, feed, tool change, etc.

6. Detection and adjustment: According to the monitoring results during the processing, the processing parameters are adjusted to ensure the processing quality and accuracy.

G code generation: CAM processors usually exist in the form of G code. G code is a series of instructions that describe the movement of machine tools and tools on different axes, including moving, cutting, stopping and other operations.

Program input: The G code is entered into the computer numerical control system. This system usually consists of a computer, controller, and driver responsible for interpreting and executing the G code.

Machine setup: Install the workpiece on the CNC machine and perform the initial coordinate setup and workpiece clamping.

Machining process: The computer numerical control system controls the movement of machine tools and tools according to the instructions of the G code. The different axes move at the same time, making the tool cut, mill, drill and so on in a predetermined path.

Real-time monitoring: In the process of processing, the computer numerical control system will constantly monitor the movement of the machine tool and tools to ensure the precision and accuracy of the processing.

Automatic control: The whole process is basically automated and controlled by the computer numerical control system. Operators are primarily responsible for setting initial parameters, inspecting and adjusting equipment, and performing quality checks.

As we all know,CNC machining can achieve automation, high precision and high efficiency processing process, widely used in various industrial fields. CNC machining is CNC machine tool machining, and CNC machine tools are automated machine tools equipped with digital control systems. It integrates machinery, automation, computer, and other high-tech new technologies. Its basic components are digital control program carrier, machine tool device, drive spindle device, machine tool body, safety protection device.

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